Joint replacement surgery, also called arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure aimed at replacing damaged joints with artificial joints (made of metal, ceramic or plastic), to improve mobility and relieve pain in case of arthritis. The surgeon will not remove the whole joint, but will only replace or fix the damaged parts.

What joints do surgeons reconstruct or replace?

Most often, surgeons can replace all of the following joints :

Ankles

Elbows

Thighs

Knees

Shoulders

Toes

Wrists (Hand Joint)

What procedures should be taken before joint replacement surgery?

There are some procedures that must be taken to prepare for joint replacement surgery, and your doctor will certainly tell you about them, including :

You may need several tests to evaluate your general health, such as a blood test, EKG, and chest X-ray. It also requires some procedures such as a CT scan or MRI for surgical planning.

Tell your doctor about your health history and any medications you take. You may need to stop taking some medications before joint replacement surgery. Your doctor will also tell you when to stop eating and drinking the night before the procedure.

Recommends a physical therapy, exercise, or diet program to follow in the weeks before surgery.

Complications of joint replacement surgery

As with any surgery, there is a risk of complications from joint replacement surgery, and the following are the most important risks :

Infection.

The occurrence of blood clots.

Injury or damage to the nerves around the replaced joint.

Joint stiffness, weakness, or instability, which may lead to a fracture.

Problems with the new joint, including dislocation.

But if you suffer from certain health conditions such as diabetes, hemophilia, or an autoimmune disease such as lupus, there is a greater risk of complications from joint replacement surgery, so you must inform your doctor before the surgery.

When can you return to usual activities after joint surgery?

Recovery time from joint replacement surgery depends on several factors, including :

The age.

Activity level and lifestyle.

The joint that was replaced.

Other health problems or bone problems.

Whether you have a total joint replacement or a partial joint replacement.

A physical therapy program can speed up recovery time, as it strengthens the muscles around the replaced joint and helps better support the joint. These exercises also increase flexibility and help you to motion.

How long do the results of joint replacement surgery last?

The new joint usually lasts 10 to 15 years, but results after arthroplasty vary. If the replaced joint wears out after 15 years, it may be possible to replace it with a new joint.

When should you get emergency medical help?

After a joint replacement procedure, call your doctor if you have :

Bleeding.

Signs of infection, including fever and severe swelling or pus from wounds.

Severe pain, or that is not relieved by pain relief medications.

Joint replacement surgery may greatly improve your life and help you enjoy your previous activities, including walking, cycling, running, swimming, etc. This surgery is safe, is performed annually and very few people are suffering from complications.